ASN's Mission

To create a world without kidney diseases, the ASN Alliance for Kidney Health elevates care by educating and informing, driving breakthroughs and innovation, and advocating for policies that create transformative changes in kidney medicine throughout the world.

learn more

Contact ASN

1401 H St, NW, Ste 900, Washington, DC 20005

email@asn-online.org

202-640-4660

The Latest on X

Kidney Week

Abstract: SA-PO031

Risk vs. Reward: Impact of Kidney Biopsies on the Management of Critically Ill Patients

Session Information

Category: Acute Kidney Injury

  • 102 AKI: Clinical, Outcomes, and Trials

Authors

  • Llama, Adrian, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
  • Sadarangani, Sagar S., Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
  • Moledina, Dennis G., Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
  • Luciano, Randy L., Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
Background

Kidney biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing many renal diseases, providing crucial information that guides treatment decisions and potentially improves patient outcomes. However, these benefits must be balanced against the risks, particularly in critically ill patients, who are at higher risk of complications due to unstable hemodynamics and coagulation abnormalities. Here we examine the safety and benefit of kidney biopsies in critically ill patients compared to others.

Methods

In participants enrolled in the Yale Kidney biobank, we compared the safety and benefit of kidney biopsies between those in the ICU, inpatient wards, and outpatients. The benefit was changes in management, defined as the initiation of steroids, immunosuppressive agents, pheresis, or drug discontinuation post-biopsy. Secondary outcomes included changes in diagnosis, the need for short-term hemodialysis, and chronic hemodialysis dependence. We also assessed safety outcomes using a composite measure of medium/large hematomas, drops in hemoglobin, the need for additional imaging, and interventional radiology procedures.

Results

Of the 748 participants, 30 were in the ICU, 202 were inpatient, and 516 were outpatients (Table). Kidney biopsies in the ICU group had a significant impact on management, with 18/30 (60%) of the biopsy results leading to changes in or avoidance of immunosuppressive therapy relative to what would have been the standard of care based on the pre-biopsy diagnosis. The remaining biopsies either confirmed the pre-biopsy diagnosis or resulted in a change between two non-treatment-requiring processes. Safety events were observed in all groups, with the highest rate in the critically ill.

Conclusion

Kidney biopsies in the critically ill can significantly impact management but may carry a higher risk of safety events. This risk needs to be compared to the potential benefit and should not be a barrier to a biopsy in select patients.