Abstract: SA-PO679
Global Health Burden of Pediatric CKD of Varying Etiologies: A Longitudinal and Comparative Analysis
Session Information
- Pediatric Nephrology - 2
October 26, 2024 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Pediatric Nephrology
- 1900 Pediatric Nephrology
Authors
- Shah, Raghav, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States
- Raina, Manan, Hawken High School, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
- Pember, Bryce, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States
- Cahill, Thomas J., Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio, United States
- Sethi, Sidharth Kumar, Medanta The Medicity Medanta Institute of Kidney and Urology, Gurugram, Haryana, India
Background
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects >10% of the adult global population. Data on the incidence of CKD in the pediatric population is scarce and the epidemiology is not clear. This study estimates: the distribution of pediatric-CKD (pCKD) by geography, sociodemographic indices (SDI), age, and gender; 2-decade pCKD-trends between 1990 to 2019; and compares its different etiologies (diabetes type 1 (T1DM), diabetes type 2 (T2DM), hypertension (HTN), and glomerulonephritis (GN)).
Methods
Using the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database, the incidence, prevalence, death rates, and DALY rates per 100,000 children and adolescents with CKD identified 4 major etiologies: T1DM, T2DM, GN, and HTN. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) over 20 years at global and regional levels was measured and stratified by age, gender, and socio-demographic index (SDI). The SPSS package was utilized.
Results
Globally, the overall pCKD incidence rates increased over 20 years in all 4 etiologies: GN (AAPC 0.478), T1DM (AAPC 0.490), T2DM (AAPC 1.022) HTN (AAPC 1.026). Overall prevalence rates increased for T2DM (AAPC 0.249), T1DM (AAPC 0.504), GN (AAPC 0.649), and HTN (AAPC 0.828 ). The increase in overall incidence/prevalence was higher in boys than girls and in older versus younger ages. Regarding SDI, AAPC was greater with lower SDI. Concerning geography, the incidence of AAPC was two-fold higher in Asia, America, and Africa than in Europe.
Globally, death rates decreased for CKD due to T1DM (AAPC -1.377), GN (AAPC -0.976), T2DM (AAPC -0.862), and HTN (AAPC -0.474). Similarly, the overall DALY rates decreased for T1DM (AAPC -0.849), GN (AAPC -0.755) and T2DM (AAPC -0.745) and increased for HTN (AAPC 0.139 ). Overall death/DALYs decreased more sharply in females than males, and in younger children than older. Similarly, lower SDIs showed higher death/DALY AAPC. For geography, the decrease in death/daily AAPC was observed to be higher among those in Europe as compared with America, Asia, or Africa.
Conclusion
In conclusion, there has been an overall significant increase in the global incidence and prevalence of pediatric CKD over 20 years as indicated by varied distribution patterns of etiology, SDI, DALY rates, and geography underscoring the need for targeted public health interventions, especially in vulnerable populations.