Kidney Week

Abstract: FR-PO1065

Association of Macronutrients with CKD Progression in West Africans

Session Information

• Kidney Nutrition and Metabolism
  October 25, 2024 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism

• 1500 Health Maintenance, Nutrition, and Metabolism

Authors

• Kwakyi, Edward Papa Kwabena, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana

Edward Papa Kwabena Kwakyi, MBChB

• Zhao, Runqi, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Runqi Zhao, MS

• Raji, Yemi R., University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

Yemi R. Raji, MBChB

• Mamven, Manmak, University of Abuja, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

Manmak Mamven, MBBS

• Adebile, Tolulope V., Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Tolulope V. Adebile, MSc, MPH

• Solarin, Adaobi, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

Adaobi Solarin, MBBS

• Ripiye, Nanna R., University of Abuja, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria

Nanna R. Ripiye, MBBS

• Umeizudike, Theophilus I., Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

Theophilus I. Umeizudike, MBBS, MSc

• Ulasi, Ifeoma I., University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria

Ifeoma I. Ulasi, MD

• Adu, Dwomoa, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana

Dwomoa Adu, MD

• Gbadegesin, Rasheed A., Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States

Rasheed A. Gbadegesin, MD, MBBS, FASN

• Parekh, Rulan S., Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Rulan S. Parekh, MD, MS, FASN

• Ojo, Akinlolu, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States

Akinlolu Ojo, MD, PhD, MBA, MPH, FASN

• Mitchell, Diane C., Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas, United States

Diane C. Mitchell, MS, RD

• Waikar, Sushrut S., Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Sushrut S. Waikar, MD, MPH

• Ilori, Titilayo O., Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Titilayo O. Ilori, MD, MS, MSc

Background

Dietary modifications slow chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. However, the association of macronutrients with CKD progression is not well understood.

Methods

We obtained 24h dietary recall data from participants in the Diet, Apolipoprotein L1 and CKD (DCA) study. We determined macronutrient consumption (g/day) for protein, carbohydrates, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and saturated fats; and expressed consumption in quartiles. Our outcome was the total eGFR slope over 3 years. We used a mixed effect linear regression model with the clinical center as a random effect to evaluate the association of macronutrient consumption with total eGFR slope. The results were expressed as beta coefficients with 95% confidence intervals.

Results

We analyzed data from 510 participants: mean age 49 (SD=18) years, 53% male, and mean eGFR was 71ml/min/1.73m² (SD=39). In the adjusted models compared to the lowest quartiles of consumption (Q1), Q4 of carbohydrate consumption and PUFAs consumption were associated with a positive eGFR slope change; and saturated fats (Q4 vsQ1) was associated with eGFR slope decline. The p for trend was significant moving from lower to higher polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption (Table 1).

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the association of macronutrients with CKD progression in a well-phenotyped West African CKD population. Our observations of a positive association between saturated fat consumption and CKD progression and a protective effect of PUFAs are consistent with previous publications. Carbohydrate consumption results were likely due to the higher quality carbohydrates consumed in West Africa.

Funding

• NIDDK Support