Kidney Week

Abstract: FR-PO1089

Impact of PM2.5 Pollution on Kidney Diseases in São Paulo, Brazil

Session Information

• CKD: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention - 2
  October 25, 2024 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: CKD (Non-Dialysis)

• 2301 CKD (Non-Dialysis): Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Authors

• Da-Silva, Iara, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Iara Da-Silva, PhD

• Delgado Peralta, Alejandro Herman, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Alejandro Herman Delgado Peralta, PhD

• Gavidia-Calderón, Mario Eduardo, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Mario Eduardo Gavidia-Calderón, PhD

• De Freitas, Edmilson Dias, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Edmilson Dias De Freitas, PhD

• Sanches, Talita R. C., Nephrology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

Talita R. C. Sanches, PhD

• Tammaro, Alessandra, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Alessandra Tammaro, PhD

• Kers, Jesper, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Jesper Kers, MD, PhD

• Andrade, Maria, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Maria Andrade, PhD

• Andrade, Lucia, Nephrology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

Lucia Andrade, MD, PhD

Background

Exposure to PM_2.5 has been associated with a risk of CKD. We have demonstrated that PM_2.5 aggravates AKI-induced IRI in mice. We evaluated the impact of PM_2.5 concentration on the incidence of CKD, AKI and glomerulopathy.

Methods

We analyzed meteorological variables, PM_2.5 concentrations and hospital admissions in São Paulo City during the 2011–2021 period. Admissions were categorized by age group and sex. We performed regression analysis with a generalized additive model and negative binomial distribution of exponential probability, assessing the cumulative medium-term impact of exposure, and a distributed lag non-linear model, which provides the effects of time lags (up to 2,000 days in our study), for AKI, CKD and glomerulopathy.

Results

Of the 37,170 records analyzed, 55% represented male individuals. Exposure to PM_2.5 was found to increase CKD risk by 1-4 times (95% CI: 1.009-1.18). Long-term exposure to higher PM_2.5 concentrations (65 µg/m³) increases that risk considerably for men and women aged 19-50 years—RR: 1.01 (95% CI: 1.005-1.015) and RR: 1.013 (95% CI: 1.01-1.018), respectively—the risk being ≤ 2.5 times higher in men aged 51-75 years (RR: 1.025; 95% CI: 1.015-1.032). Between genders and among age groups, the risk of AKI after prolonged exposure to high PM_2.5 concentrations was highest for men aged 19-50 years (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.012-1.07). The risk of glomerulopathy was highest in the < 40-year age group, especially among men, for whom the RR was 1.02 (95% CI: 1.007-1.025) and 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02-1.11) for concentrations of 15 µg/m³ and 65 µg/m³, respectively.

Conclusion

Our findings underscore the urgency to develop global strategies for air pollution reduction. (FAPESP, NWO, CAPES)

Funding

• Government Support – Non-U.S.