Abstract: FR-PO050
Kidney and Endothelial Injury Biomarkers among Crossfit Athletes
Session Information
- AKI: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention - 2
October 25, 2024 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Acute Kidney Injury
- 101 AKI: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Authors
- Diniz, Renan Gomes Mendes, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Nunes Filho, Júlio César Chaves, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Pinto, Daniel Vieira, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Matos, Robson Salviano de, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Meneses, Gdayllon Cavalcante, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Silva Junior, Geraldo B., Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Daher, Elizabeth De Francesco, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
Background
Crossfit® (CF) is a high intensive functional trained sport created in 2000. It is not recognized as an official sport by international sports federations. It has attracted many practitioners due to its quick results in muscle mass increase and weight loss. In Brazil, there was a 5900% increase in CF centers between 2012 and 2019, and there are currently more than 15000 centers worldwide. Given this emerging and intense sport, the purpose of this study was to evaluate markers of kidney and endothelial injuries among CF® athletes.
Methods
The study was conducted in two phases: Phase 1 involved proteinuria analysis from urine samples collected before work-out and results comparing recreational athletes (RAs) with competitive athletes (CAs). Phase 2 study compared levels of endothelial and kidney injury biomarkers, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), creatine kinase (CK), albumin, creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among CAs before and after activity.
Results
In Phase 1, 99 participants were involved. Results showed that 44.4% of CAs had proteinuria levels between 300 and 1000 mg/dL, and 14.8% had levels exceeding 1000 mg/dL. Only 2.8% of RAs had proteinuria levels above 300 mg/dL (p=0.001). In Phase 2, only 10 athletes had completed all the phases. This phase 2 comparing results between and after work out revealed creatinine 1.03 + 0.24 vs. 1.36 + 0.34, mg/ dL(p=0.001) and CK 302.40 vs. 2048.80 U/L ; (p 0.005) 24h after the activity, and reduced eGFR (91.55 + 21.15 vs. 66.45 + 20.6, mL/min/1.73m2 p=0.000). ICAM-1, VCAM-1, Syndecan-1, and NGAL did not show statistically significant changes. There was a strong positive correlation between Syndecan-1 and CK (p=0.000, r=0.953).
Conclusion
Despite some limitations (such as not accounting for testosterone use and the small sample size in Phase 2), this is the only study that evaluated proteinuria, endothelial and kidney biomarkers among CF® Athletes. The findings suggest a possible risk of kidney disease in CF® athletes. Further research is warranted with larger sample sizes and more comprehensive risk factors to clarify whether these findings are directly linked to the sport or other confounding factors.