Abstract: SA-OR31
CKD Among Childbearing Age Women in the United States: NHANES 1999-2018
Session Information
- Epidemiology of CKD Progression: Who, Why, and When?
November 04, 2023 | Location: Room 119, Pennsylvania Convention Center
Abstract Time: 04:57 PM - 05:06 PM
Category: Women's Health and Kidney Diseases
- 2200 Women's Health and Kidney Diseases
Authors
- Zheng, Zihe, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Singh, Ajay K., Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Farag, Youssef MK, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Background
Previous studies reported 3% and up to 6% prevalence of CKD among pregnant women and women of childbearing age in high income countries, respectively. However, the prevalence and severity of CKD among women of childbearing age (20-49) in the US has not been well characterized. We aimed to examine this epidemiology evidence gap in a representative sample of the US adult population.
Methods
We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2018. The definition of childbearing age for women was derived from the CDC vital and health statistics report. We used KDIGO guidelines to define CKD and the prognosis risk categories. We examined common kidney risk factors in the age group between 20 to 49, including eGFR, albuminuria, blood pressure, HbA1c, glucose, hemoglobin, BMI, and lipids. We used Poisson regression to estimate the CKD prevalence ratio comparing women to men in this age group.
Results
The weighted period prevalence of CKD among childbearing age women in the US was 7.51%, while the prevalence of CKD among men in the same age group was 5.08%. Non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women of childbearing age had higher prevalence of CKD (9-10%). Fig 1 shows that more than 1 in 5 CKD patients with moderately increased KDIGO risk and more than 1 in 14 CKD patients with high/very high KDIGO risk were women of childbearing age. The percentage of Hispanics was higher among childbearing age females (20.2%) compared to females≥ age 50 (8.4%) in CKD patients. After adjusting for race/ethnicity and age, female gender was independently associated with 47% increased prevalence for CKD in the childbearing age group (PR=1.47, 95% CI 1.32, 1.63), yet female CKD patients showed largely more favorable profiles of common kidney risk factors compared to their male counterparts.
Conclusion
Our study highlighted that women of childbearing age had disproportionally higher prevalence of CKD in the US, especially among Hispanic women, than previously reported. Our findings quantify disparities and highlight the need and gaps in kidney/reproductive health among one of the most vulnerable populations in CKD patients.