Abstract: TH-PO076
Platelet Count and Serum Creatinine in the Differential Diagnosis of TMA: An Analysis from the CESAR Study
Session Information
- AKI: Biomarkers, Drugs, Onco-Nephrology
October 25, 2018 | Location: Exhibit Hall, San Diego Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Acute Kidney Injury
- 101 AKI: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Authors
- Schoenermarck, Ulf, University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Muenchen, Germany
- Schroppel, Bernd, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Schmidbauer, Daniel, CRI - The Clinical Research Institute GmbH, Munich, Germany
- Jeglitsch, Michael, Alexion, Munich, Germany
- Ries, Wolfgang, Diako Flensburg, Flensburg, Germany
Background
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS), and atypical HUS (aHUS) require a fast differential diagnosis in order to initiate urgent therapy. TTP may be excluded by an ADAMTS13 activity assay result of >5–10%, however, this test is not immediately available at many centers. Data from the CESAR study1 were used to assess whether routine laboratory parameters can be used to predict/rule out TTP.
Methods
CESAR was a cross-sectional, multicenter, epidemiologic study of the relative incidence of aHUS, TTP and STEC-HUS in Germany. We developed an algorithm to predict severe ADAMTS13 deficiency in adult patients at clinical presentation. All available variables were analyzed for correlation with final diagnosis. Thresholds were identified maximizing the sum of sensitivity and specificity (Youden Index: J=sensitivity+specificity-1) and then rounding to the nearest easy-to-recall value.
Results
A total of 219 adult patients with a mean (SD) age of 56.2 (18.9) years were enrolled, of whom 31 (14%) were diagnosed with TTP. Platelet (Plt) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels significantly correlated with TTP diagnosis (p<0.01). Multivariate analysis (Table 1) revealed that if Plt and SCr levels are above threshold values (Plt: 30 x 109/L and SCr: 1.8 mg/dL), TTP is almost certainly ruled out (negative predictive value 98.1 and 92.3 for one or both values, respectively, above threshold).
Conclusion
This analysis shows that Plt and SCr are strong predictors to rule out a diagnosis of TTP. This finding confirms previous studies2 and may help to accelerate differential diagnosis of TMA.
1Schoenermarck U, et al. 2017; presented at ASN Kidney Week [SA-PO421]
2Coppo P, et al. PLoS One 2010;5(4):e10208.
Table. Multivariate analysis to predict TTP diagnosis
| Criteria | Specificity | Sensitivity | PPV | NPV |
| Plt ≤30x109/L | 84.0 | 61.3 | 38.8 | 92.9 |
| SCr ≤1.8 mg/dL | 54.8 | 90.3 | 25.0 | 97.1 |
| Plt ≤30x109/L AND SCr ≤1.8 mg/dL | 90.8 | 54.8 | 50.0 | 92.3 |
| Plt ≤30x109/L OR SCr ≤1.8 mg/dL | 54.6 | 93.5 | 25.7 | 98.1 |
Values expressed as %. NPV, negative predictive value; Plt, platelets; PPV, positive predictive value; SCr, serum creatinine.
Funding
- Commercial Support – Alexion Pharma GmbH