Kidney Week

Abstract: SA-PO1123

Exploratory Study on Renal Dysfunction and Its Risk Factors in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Session Information

• CKD Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Prevention - III
  November 04, 2023 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Pennsylvania Convention Center
  Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM

Category: CKD (Non-Dialysis)

• 2301 CKD (Non-Dialysis): Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Authors

• Fujiwara, Akira, Yokohama Shiritsu Daigaku Fuzoku Shimin Sogo Iryo Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Akira Fujiwara,

• Haruna, Aiko, Yokohama Shiritsu Daigaku Fuzoku Shimin Sogo Iryo Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Aiko Haruna,

• Kawano, Rina, Yokohama Shiritsu Daigaku Fuzoku Shimin Sogo Iryo Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Rina Kawano,

• Haze, Tatsuya, Yokohama Shiritsu Daigaku Fuzoku Shimin Sogo Iryo Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Tatsuya Haze,

• Suzuki, Shota, Yokohama Shiritsu Daigaku Fuzoku Shimin Sogo Iryo Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Shota Suzuki,

• Hirawa, Nobuhito, Yokohama Shiritsu Daigaku Fuzoku Shimin Sogo Iryo Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

Nobuhito Hirawa,

Background

Many studies have consistently demonstrated a higher incidence of renal function decline and progression to chronic kidney disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), primarily attributed to factors such as dehydration, malnutrition, medication side effects, and the impact of the underlying inflammatory bowel disease. However, there is a scarcity of data regarding the precise association between IBD and impaired renal function, as well as the specific risk factors involved. This study aims to investigate the frequency of renal function decline and identify the associated risk factors among patients diagnosed with IBD.

Methods

We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of patients at Yokohama City University Medical Center in Japan. We enrolled patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) between 2016 and 2021 who had an eGFR of 60mL/min/1.73m² or higher at the time of diagnosis. We collected data, including eGFR and other blood test results, from patients over a period of two years. The participants were divided into two groups: a group that experienced a decline of 30% or more compared to baseline eGFR, and a group that did not experience a decline based on eGFR two years later. The study then evaluated the differences in baseline values between these two groups. Risk factors for renal dysfunction were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results

A total of 351 eligible patients with UC and 184 with CD were included. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 41.9 years with UC and 36.1 years with CD. The frequency of eGFR decline of 30% or more was 19.0% (67 patients) with UC and 17.3% (32 patients) with CD. Univariable analysis demonstrated several possible risk factors, including albumin with UC and hemoglobin with CD at the time of diagnosis. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated albumin was an independent determinant factor with UC (95% confidence interval(CI): 0.22-0.60, P<0.01) and hemoglobin was an independent determinant factor with CD (95% CI: 0.53-0.87, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Patients with IBD have a high incidence of concurrent renal impairment, as previously reported, and in UC, albumin levels at diagnosis and in CD, hemoglobin levels at diagnosis were found to be significantly associated with decreased renal function at 2 years.