Abstract: TH-PO561
Scleroderma-Associated Kidney Disease: A Case Series
Session Information
- Glomerular Diseases: From Inflammation to Fibrosis - I
November 02, 2023 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Pennsylvania Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Glomerular Diseases
- 1401 Glomerular Diseases: From Inflammation to Fibrosis
Authors
- O'Sullivan, Tara, University College Cork, Cork, Cork, Ireland
- O'Donoghue, Darragh, University College Cork, Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Redmond, Andrew Johns, University College Cork, Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Ryan, John G., University College Cork, Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Moran, Sarah Margaret, University College Cork, Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Gleeson, James, University College Cork, Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Ahmed, Adeel Rafi, University College Cork, Cork, Cork, Ireland
Introduction
Scleroderma is a rare multisystem disorder categorised into limited and diffuse subtypes. Recognised renal manifestations of scleroderma include renal crisis (SRC) and ANCA associated vasculitis. We present three differing cases of scleroderma associated renal disease.
Case Description
Case 1: 64 year old normotensive female with systemic sclerosis developed AKI and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. ANCA and ANA were negative. IgG Kappa paraprotein detected (9.7g/L). Bone marrow biopsy showed 7.2% plasma cells. Renal biopsy demonstrated intraglomerular thrombotic microangiopathy, without onion-skinning or involvement of interlobular or arcuate arteries. Treatment was targeted at the plasma cell clone.
Case 2: 53 year old female with CREST presented with hypertension (BP 231/124mmHg) and developed AKIN3. She was anti-centromere positive. Renal biopsy demonstrated thrombotic microangiopathy, with onion-skin appearance of arterioles. She was treated as SRC with captopril, leading to improvement in renal function.
Case 3: 75 year old female with limited systemic sclerosis admitted with nephrotic syndrome. She was hypertensive but did not tolerate RAAS inhibition. Urinary PCR was 873.6mg/mmol. Renal biopsy demonstrated a cellular form of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, without tip lesions. Corticosteroids were avoided due to risk of precipitating SRC. She was treated with tacrolimus, which reduced proteinuria to the sub-nephrotic range.
Discussion
These cases demonstrate three different presentations of scleroderma associated renal disease. The intraglomerular distribution of TMA in Case 1 is more consistent with MGRS rather than SRC, in the context of a paraprotein. While there is one published case of SRC in a patient with concurrent scleroderma and monoclonal gammopathy, SRC is less frequent in seronegative scleroderma. SRC presenting in CREST, as in case 2, is unusual as it is more commonly reported with diffuse scleroderma, and anti-centromere antibodies have a negative association. In the final case, primary FSGS is a highly atypical manifestation of limited systemic sclerosis. The contrasting pathologies highlight the diagnostic value of kidney biopsy in scleroderma patients presenting with renal impairment, and its importance in guiding treatment.