Abstract: TH-PO850
Individualized and Technology-Assisted Ketogenic Diet on Metabolic and Kidney Health in Overweight or Obese Adults
Session Information
- Health Maintenance, Nutrition, Metabolism
November 03, 2022 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center‚ West Building
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Health Maintenance‚ Nutrition‚ and Metabolism
- 1400 Health Maintenance‚ Nutrition‚ and Metabolism
Authors
- Meireles, Christiane Lumachi, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Du, Yan, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Li, Shiyu, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Dennis, Brittany, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Niazi, Nicholas Saeed, Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Patel, Darpan I., School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Gelfond, Jonathan A., Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Li, Chengdong, Florida State University College of Nursing, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
- Ye, Hongping, Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Montellano, Richard, Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Franzone, Anthony J., Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Wang, Jing, Florida State University College of Nursing, Tallahassee, Florida, United States
- Sharma, Kumar, Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
Background
Obesity is a major public health concern, as it is associated with a variety of chronic conditions, including kidney and cardiovascular dysfunction. The ketogenic diet has drawn much scientific and public attention to improve health however implementation is challenging. We therefore designed a study to assess the effects of a technology-assisted ketogenic diet on metabolic and kidney health, and report the results of the 3-month data collection point of the overall 6-month study.
Methods
Sixty overweight/obese adults (20 without type 2 diabetes and chronic kiney disease (CKD), 20 with type 2 diabetes and without CKD, and 20 with CKD) were randomized to a ketogenic diet (n=30) or a low-fat diet (n=30) group. Both groups received individual in-person educational sessions, digital educational sessions, and devices for self-monitoring lifestyle behaviors and health indicators (e.g., physical activity, diet, ketone levels). The data of 34 participants who finished the 3-month data collection by May 2022 were analyzed (n=17 in the ketogenic diet group, mean age 55.5 ± 12.4, 47% without diabetes and/or CKD; n=17 in the low-fat diet group, mean age 50.2 ± 11.3, 47% without diabetes and/or CKD). An intention to treat analysis was used. Paired t-tests and independent t-tests were conducted to assess within and between group differences in kidney and metabolic health from baseline to 3 months, respectively.
Results
Body weight, body mass index (BMI), and triglycerides were found to be significantly reduced in both the ketogenic diet and the low-fat diet groups; BMI reduction in the ketogenic diet group was significantly greater compared to the low-fat group. Reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (p=0.006), and systolic (p=0.010) and mean arterial pressure (MAP, p=0.003) were only found in the ketogenic diet group. No significant changes in urine albumin to creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate were found in either group at 3 months compared to baseline.
Conclusion
At three months, a ketogenic diet-based lifestyle intervention has favorable effects on weight control, HbA1c, triglycerides, and systolic and mean arterial pressure in overweight/obese adults with or without diabetes and/or CKD.
Funding
- Private Foundation Support