Abstract: FR-PO981
Clinicopathological Features and Prognostic Outcomes of Adenovirus Nephritis: A Systematic Review of 51 Cases
Session Information
- Pathology and Lab Medicine - 1
October 25, 2024 | Location: Exhibit Hall, Convention Center
Abstract Time: 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Category: Pathology and Lab Medicine
- 1800 Pathology and Lab Medicine
Authors
- Doan, Khanh Duy, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Cassol, Clarissa Araujo, Arkana Laboratories, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
Background
Adenovirus nephritis is a rare condition primarily associated with kidney allografts, presenting significant diagnostic and management challenges.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted on published data concerning adenovirus nephritis.
Results
36 studies comprising 51 cases (47 allograft kidneys, 4 native kidneys) were included. Median age is 45 years and males are predominant. 72.3% occurred within the first year post-transplantation. Presentations included fever (72.5%), gross hematuria (52.9%), dysuria (39.2%), and graft pain (17.6%). Kidney biopsy patterns was shown in table 1. Adenovirus immunohistochemistry demonstrated high sensitivity (94.1%), while electron microscopy identified viral particles in 45% of cases. Immunosuppressive treatment reduction occurred in most patients (95.7%), with only 36.2% receiving antiviral therapy. Allograft failure was rare (4.4%), despite aggressive presentation, with 84.4% of patients experiencing creatinine normalization post-treatment.
Conclusion
Adenovirus immunohistochemistry showed high sensitivity, albeit limited availability. Despite its aggressive presentation, adenovirus nephritis infrequently results in graft failure.
Kidney biopsy results
| Cases (51) | Percentage (%) | |
| Tubulointerstitial inflammation | 47 | 92.2 |
| Granuloma | 30 | 58.8 |
| Viro-pathic changes | 28 | 54.9 |
| Interstitial necrotizing | 22 | 43.1 |
| Interstitial hemorrhage | 13 | 25.5 |
Figure 1. Study flowchart
Figure 2. Global distribution of cases